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Drawing Close to God: Visit the Leviticus, Look to Christ ❓ Have you ever felt the need to start anew before God—like someone searching for a door of grace obscured by altar smoke? The Altar of Burnt Offering 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT Leviticus opens with the voice of the Lord calling to Moses from the tent of meeting. For the first time since the construction of the tabernacle (Exodus 40:34–35), we see man’s access to God restored through the sacrificial system. In the first chapter, we see the burnt offering, the 'olah' (from Hebrew: עֹלָה, meaning 'ascending whole to God')— a sacrifice of complete dedication , representing the beginning of a journey of repentance and a renewed relationship with God. This offering is offered voluntarily, but with set conditions, indicating how to come before God in humility and in the way He has chosen. The 'Olah' offering is not simply a response to sin but a return to the place of fellowship—the place where God walks with humanity, as in Eden (Genesis 3:8). Thus, this offering is an early step in restoring the creation covenant. By offering a burnt offering, the offerer not only asks for forgiveness, but gives himself completely to God, saying: ‘This life is yours. 📖 Read First Please read Leviticus Chapter 1 in order. Consider each step of the offering—from choosing the animal to the complete burning. This is not a quick act, but a liturgy of life. 🔍 The Structure of the Burnt Offering Voluntary offering from livestock or birds (vv. 3–17) Laying hands on the offering as a sign of identification (v. 4) Slaughtering the animal and the priest taking the blood (v. 5) Completely burned on the altar (vv. 9, 13, 17) 📚 STUDY STRUCTURE FOR THIS CHAPTER 📍 BEGINNING OF WORSHIP: VOLUNTARY APPROACH – VERSES 1–3 The word “approach” ( qarav ) is a ritual word, meaning to come before God in thanksgiving, repentance, or consecration. This is an act of worship, not just a process of personal purification. Unlike other offerings, this offering is voluntary —motivated by the heart of the person who wants to give. But it does not mean freedom to give to God as you please; you must still follow the sacred procedures. The burnt offering is a wholehearted invitation. Here man does not simply ask for a blessing; he places everything—heart, soul, and body—before God. Through the sacrificial system, God not only shows the way to forgiveness, but also opens the invitation to his dwelling among men. 📍 LAYING ON HANDS: IDENTIFICATION AND COMMITMENT – VV. 4 Through the act of laying on the hand (Hebrew: samak ), by placing his hand on the animal’s head, the offerer performed a remarkable act—he made a clear declaration: ‘this is me.’ It was not just a role-sharing, but a way of saying, ‘I am bound to this offering. Its fate is mine.’ It is a representative act—of uniting with the offering. This is why almsgiving was not just a simple religious act. It was personal—it required a touch. The giver was involved, with his own hands. It was impossible to hide behind society or a priest. This act was an invitation to clearly show: "I am the one who needs this mercy." “As the ‘olah’ sacrifice represented a complete surrender to God, so Christ also offered his entire life without holding back anything—he let his life rise as a sweet-smelling aroma to God.” — (Ephesians 5:2) 📍 BLOOD, FIRE, AND THE GOOD SMELL: THE PROCESS OF THE RELEASING – VV. 5–9 This section also provides a description of the actual procedures—the animal is slaughtered before the Lord, its blood is sprinkled, and its organs are washed before being completely burned. No steps were skipped. The service was thorough, with an air of repentance, discipline, and reverence. The sacrificial system was a way of protecting the sacred space where heaven and earth met. The burnt offering, whether of a bull or a dove, was a sweet savour before the Lord. The difference was not in the size of the animal, but in the heart of the giver. This is a picture of the gospel—that we are accepted not by the amount of what we can give, but by a humble and obedient heart.--- 📍 A SACRIFICE FOR ALL: GOD'S MERCY TOWARDS THE POOR – VV. 10–17 In the last verses of this chapter, we see God's mercy in making room even for the poor—they could bring a dove or a pigeon. The 'Olah' offering was not just for the wealthy; it was open to all, from those with oxen to those with small animals. God does not restrict worship to the economically able. 📖 SUMMARY OF STUDY Leviticus 1 is the first door to the temple of grace. The burnt offering and the consecration are a worship of complete surrender. In Christ, we see the sinless one surrendering himself to the will of the Father to open the way for us to the true temple (Hebrews 10:19–22). Through the sacrifice of Christ, man has a second chance to return to heavenly fellowship. 🧱️ LIFE APPLICATION Remember that the fire on the altar was to be kept burning continually (Leviticus 6:13). Develop a habit of repentance, a U-turn from Sin to Christ, and self-sacrifice every day. Set aside time each morning as an altar of burnt offering , a place to say: “Lord, today, I want to be completely yours.” 🔍 Reflect More Are there areas of your life that you have not fully surrendered to the Lord? Do your prayers reflect surrender or a prayer to avoid suffering? What is stopping you from putting your “hand on the altar” and saying, “this life is yours”? 👥 For Study Groups Discuss: In Christian life today, where do we need to restore the heart of the burnt offering to draw close to God? Is there a danger of half-hearted devotion to God? 🙌 BLESSINGS FOR YOUR DEDICATION May the Lord receive you as you declare: “This life is yours.” May His fire descend not in fear, but in the sweet fragrance of your repentance. May our hearts rise like 'olah' before Him—burning with love, rising with faith. May the altar within you never be extinguished, but burn ever with the fire of His grace. Amen. 📣 Feedback & Partnership What have you learned today about what it means to be fully committed to God? Share your thoughts here at maisha-kamili.com . We would love to learn from you! ➡️ Next Lesson: “The Grain Offering – Leviticus 2” Can your daily tasks be a fragrant offering before God? 📚 Sources for Further Studies L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord? (IVP Academic, 2015). This book provides a historical and theological foundation for the book of Leviticus as a ritual journey into the presence of God. Morales emphasizes the importance of the 'olah' offering as the first step into holy communion. Tim Mackie , BibleProject: Sacrifice and Atonement Series . Through video and scripture, Mackie explores the concept of sacrifice as a way to approach God after the expulsion from Eden, describing the burnt offering as a form of self-giving worship. John Walton , The Lost World of the Torah (IVP Academic, 2019). Walton argues that the Levitical laws were not merely codes of conduct but created the environment of God’s dwelling among his people. He emphasizes offerings as part of the “temple world.” Ellen G. White , Patriarchs and Prophets (Review and Herald, 1890), chapter 30. She explains how sacrifices were a way of showing Christ and God's mercy from the beginning. She provides a spiritual perspective that enables readers to see the 'olah' offering as a shadow of Christ's offering. NT Wright , The Day the Revolution Began (HarperOne, 2016). Although not directly mentioned in the original text, Wright's work focuses on how the cross of Christ fulfills and transforms the meaning of all sacrifices, emphasizing God's love and the new covenant through Jesus' self-giving.

Drawing Close to God: Visit the Leviticus, Look to Christ ❓ Have you ever felt the weight of God's call—but found yourself unsure how to respond with a worshipful heart, with a consecrated body? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT: The Journey From the Altar to the Ministry After a series of instructions on offerings (Leviticus 1–7), we now enter the first chapter of implementation. Leviticus 8 is like a national worship festival—the inauguration of sacred service by those called to be the bridge between God and His people. Moses, God’s servant, is not only the national leader, but he oversees this action with strict observance as the Lord has instructed him. Priests are living symbols of God’s dwelling among his people, representing his presence, his reconciliation, and his call to holiness. This context teaches us that true worship requires both internal and external preparation—and each step of the liturgy of consecration is an example of the mystery of Christ's grace. 📖 Read Leviticus 8:1–36 carefully. Note the sequence: the call of God, the priestly garments, the anointing, the cleansing offerings, and the commandment of seven days of separation. This is the story of the creation of a new priest. 📚 IN-DEPTH STUDY ON LEVITICUS 8 📍 The Commanded Call: Consecration to the Word of the Lord (vv. 1–5) The chapter begins with the voice of God instructing Moses how to consecrate Aaron and his sons. This act is done in front of the entire congregation, for priestly service is not private—it is a communal service. The words “as the Lord commanded” are repeated seven times—symbolizing Moses’ completeness and obedience to God’s Word. In Hebrew culture, the repetition of seven times is a symbol of perfect holiness. “No man appoints himself to be a high priest, but he is called by God.” — Hebrews 5:4 Consecration begins not with the will of man, but with the call of God. 📍 The Robe of Glory: A New Priestly Identity (vv. 6–13) Aaron was dressed in royal attire: a blue robe, a breastplate filled with the names of the children of Israel, and a turban inscribed "Holy to the Lord." This garment was not just a beauty to the eyes; it was a mystery of duty. The priest wore the entire nation upon his heart and shoulders—praying for them, leading them, connecting them to God. The priest’s garments were a revelation of a new identity clothed in God’s grace. For new covenant believers, we are clothed with Christ himself (Galatians 3:27), and we are called to be a royal priesthood (1 Peter 2:9). 📍 Anointing Oil: The Spirit of Ministry (vv. 10–12) Moses anoints the tabernacle, all the utensils of worship, and Aaron's head with oil. This oil is a symbol of consecration to God's presence. In scripture, oil represents the Holy Spirit. Christ, whose name means “Anointed One,” was filled with the Holy Spirit without measure (John 3:34). We too, through Him, are anointed with the Spirit (2 Cor. 1:21–22). This shows that ministry is not in our own strength, but in the power of the Spirit. “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to preach…” — Luke 4:18 📍 Consecration Offerings: Liturgy of Grace (vv. 14–30) The priests were given three offerings: a sin offering, a burnt offering, and a consecration offering (milu'im). The sin offering removed guilt. The burnt offering represented complete dedication to God. The sacrifice of the saints ensured that they now belonged entirely to God. The blood of the final sacrifice was applied to the right ear, the thumb of the right hand, and the big toe of the right foot — a symbol of: Listening with humility Acting in holiness Walking with integrity “Christ also offered his own blood, not that of an animal, to sanctify us for eternal service.” — Hebrews 9:11–14 📍 Holy Quarantine: Seven Days of Isolation (vv. 31–36) Aaron and his sons were commanded to dwell in the Tent of Meeting for seven days, eating the sacrifices and the bread. This was a time of spiritual union with God before officially entering into the public worship service. The seven days are like a repetition of the act of creation—symbolizing that true service begins with a new creation of the heart. True service is built on a foundation of self-purification, not just techniques or practices. 👀 Look at Christ: The Eternally Consecrated High Priest In Aaron we see a shadow, but in Christ we have fullness: He was clothed with the glory of the Father (John 17:5) He was abundantly anointed with the Spirit (John 3:34) He gave his blood for our salvation (Hebrews 9:12) And now He has made us priests of His God (Revelation 1:6), serving not with the blood of animals, but with a life filled with the Spirit. 📖 SUMMARY OF STUDY Leviticus 8 is a new direction for worship. It is the inauguration of a sacred ministry based on the Word of God, the Spirit of God, and the blood of atonement. For Aaron, it was the beginning of the sacrificial covenant; for Christ, it is the fulfillment of that covenant through the cross. “By an oath from God, Christ was made a High Priest forever.” — Hebrews 5:5–10 🔥 CONSECRATION OF THE PRIEST: LIFE APPLICATION Ministry is not just a job; it is a new identity. We are all called to be priests of our own spirits and of the world. But we need new garments, new oil, and a life dedicated to God. Are you willing to be set apart for that service? 🛤️ Spiritual Exercise: Seven Days of Purification Day 1: Reflect on your personal calling and remember what the Lord has given you. Day 2: Pray for the ability to hear God's voice like a bleeding ear. Day 3: Ask yourself what actions of your hand need to be consecrated. Day 4: Examine your ways—are your feet walking in His paths? Day 5: Write a prayer of renewal to God. Day 6: Think about how Christ became a Priest for you. Day 7: Thank God for the grace to make you his. 👥 For Study Groups What kind of preparation does today's service require? What do we learn from Aaron's garments and offerings? How can we revive the anointing and holiness of ministry today? 🙌 THE BLESSING OF CONSECRATION May the Lord clothe you not with silken garments, but with righteousness. May He anoint you not with olive oil, but with the Spirit. May He anoint you with the blood of His Son, that you may be called His forever. And let the fire of the altar continue to burn within you—for seven days, until eternal life. Amen. 📣 In what areas have you been impacted? Share with us a passage of scripture or an idea that touched you. Share with us your testimony of anointed ministry. ➡️ Next Lesson: “Sin Offering – Leviticus 9” Is there a way to return after the fall? We look at the sin offering and the way of mercy. 📚 Further Studies L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord? (IVP Academic, 2015) It sheds light on the priests as a symbol of God's presence and the mystery of worship in Leviticus. Tim Mackie , BibleProject: Sacrifice and Atonement Series , Video 3. It explains in detail the mysteries of priestly garments and anointing in the context of the covenant. Hebrews 5:4–10; 9:11–14 , Holy Bible . New Testament scriptures identify Christ as the eternal High Priest and the essence of the true sacrifice. 1 Peter 2:9; Galatians 3:27; Revelation 1:6 , Holy Bible . Verses that reveal that believers in Christ are clothed with a royal priesthood.

Drawing Close to God: Visit the Leviticus, Look to Christ Is there a way to return after the fall? We look at the sin offering and the way of mercy. 🪔 INTRODUCTION TO WORSHIP: RETURNING AFTER WEAKNESS The ninth chapter of Leviticus is the culmination of all the preparations we have seen from chapters 1 to 8. After the offering has been announced and the priest has been consecrated, it is now time for the first service at the altar. It is like a new beginning—the first day of formal worship. But the weight of sin is still heavy; the sin offerings must be offered first. In this chapter we see Moses instructing Aaron and his sons to perform the first priestly service, and that service begins with the sin offering . Before bringing the peace offering or burnt offering, Aaron himself must confess and repent through the sin offering. This is a picture of how any true worship should begin: with mercy first . At the gate of God’s grace, no one enters without first coming with an offering for sin—for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God. Aaron is a type of all humans who are called to serve but are full of weakness. Unlike Christ who was sinless, Aaron needs a sin offering for himself. This sets the stage for viewing the greatness of Jesus’ ministry. “For he did not need to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins… for he did this once for all when he offered himself.” — Hebrews 7:27 📖 READ LEVITICUS CHAPTER 9 Read carefully how Aaron is instructed to offer a sin offering for himself before ministering to the people. Notice the order of the offering: it is a sequence of grace, sanctification, and communion. 📚 TRAINING STRUCTURE FOR THIS CHAPTER 📘 THE PRIEST'S SIN OFFERING: MERCY TO THOSE WHO MINISTER – VV. 1–7 Aaron begins by offering a calf as a sin offering , then a ram as a burnt offering (v. 2). This is the first step in raising worship before God. Even a priest cannot stand before God without the grace of a sin offering. “Before a priest can offer sacrifices for others, he himself must be covered with the blood of atonement.” — Hebrews 5:1–3 In verse 7, Moses tells Aaron: “Bring your sin offering and your burnt offering and make atonement for yourself and for the people.” Worship does not begin with our ability, but with God's reconciliation. 📘 SACRIFICE FOR THE PEOPLE: A SINFUL TRIBE RECEIVES GRACE – VV. 8–14 Aaron now ministers to the people. The people’s sin offering is brought—a male goat. The blood of the offering is sprinkled on the altar (v. 9), and the entrails and fat are burned on the altar (v. 10). This shows that sin is not just a personal matter; it is a social disaster. And so God's grace is also for the entire community. The burnt offering follows after that, as a response of surrender to God after receiving forgiveness. “God made him who knew no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.” — 2 Corinthians 5:21 📘 PEACE AND FELLOWSHIP OFFERING: The CULIMINATION OF FELLOWSHIP – vv. 15–21 After the sin offering and burnt offering, the peace offering and grain offering follow. This is a complete picture of the journey of grace: Sanctification (sin offering), Sacrifice (burnt offering), Sharing (peace offering). In v. 21, we are told: “Aaron took the portions of the fat from the peace offerings... and waved them before the Lord as a wave offering.” This is a testimony to the joy and peace found after forgiveness. 📘 THE FIRE OF THE LORD: THE GLORY DESCENDS – VV. 22–24 When the service is over, Aaron blesses the people and leaves after all the offerings are burned, and the glory of the Lord appears to all the people (v. 23). Then the fire of the Lord comes out and consumes the offering on the altar. This is God's response to the sacrifice offered in His order. It is a sign of acceptance . When the people saw the fire, they fell facedown and worshiped . The fire of the Lord is not to destroy but to confirm: when it falls, it proves that the blood of atonement is sufficient. 📖 SUMMARY OF STUDY In Leviticus 9, we see that the way back to God is always open—on the basis of the sin offering. This is not just a law of worship, but a sign of grace. And all of these offerings point to Christ, who is the High Priest and the perfect Sacrifice for all our sins (Hebrews 10:11–14). By giving his life as a sin offering, Christ opened the way back to the Father for every fallen person. 🔥 SIN OFFERING: LIFE APPLICATION When you stumble or fall, remember: the sin offering is still being offered. Christ is the final sacrifice, and He always stands and intercedes for us (Hebrews 7:25). Start your days by realizing that God's mercy is morning every day (Lamentations 3:23). Don't let the voice of shame discourage you. The sin offering is the gateway to true worship. 🛤️ RELAX AND WORK Do you have an area of life where you feel separated from God because of shame or sin? Can you believe that Christ's sacrifice is sufficient even for that? In your life of worship, do you begin with mercy or do you try to arrive at it through your own efforts? 👥 FOR STUDY GROUPS Reflect and discuss: “How do we need to begin our worship with a ‘sin offering’—confessing, repenting, and receiving mercy? And as we receive God’s forgiveness, how should we show our gratitude with righteous deeds?” 🙌 FINAL BLESSING MAY THE LORD COVER YOU WITH THE FRAGRANCE OF HIS SACRIFICE. May the Lord grant you the mercy that begins every morning, May our hearts be set ablaze by the fire of His grace— And may His glory descend upon you as proof of His unfailing love. May you be blessed by the mercy of the Sin Offering, offered for you forever. Amen. ➡️ THE NEXT LESSON: “THE UNFORGIVABLE SIN – LEVITICUS 10” What happens when we despise God's holiness with the fire of our own making? 📚 FURTHER STUDIES L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord? Ellen G. White , Patriarchs and Prophets , chapter 31 NT Wright , The Day the Revolution Began , p. 219–221 Tim Mackie (BibleProject) – Leviticus Series John Walton , The Lost World of the Torah , chapter 3 Hebrews 5–10 – The High Priest, the sin offering, and the perfect atonement through Christ 2 Corinthians 5:21 , Isaiah 53:10 , Lamentations 3:23

The Beginning of a New Life: Visit the Leviticus, Look to Christ ❓What place does maternal blood have before Holy God? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT In Leviticus 12, we find a brief but powerful commandment for a woman after childbirth. Although life has been born, this chapter speaks of “uncleanness” and a period of separation. Why is childbirth, the act of bringing forth life, accompanied by purification? To the modern eye, this may seem like degrading to women or diminishing the value of motherhood. But to the liturgical eye, Leviticus 12 is a unique illustration of the human journey from physical weakness to the presence of God. It is a striking lesson: that even the joy of childbirth requires the grace of purification in order to become an offering of a sweet-smelling aroma before God. In the laws of sanctification, we see God's invitation to participate in His holiness—not as a punishment for the natural state, but as a process of re-entering His presence. 📖 Read First Read Leviticus 12 carefully. Understand the order of the days, the difference between a male and a female child, and the offerings made at the end. Ask yourself: why does childbirth require offerings? 📖 STUDY STRUCTURE FOR THIS CHAPTER 📍 BIRTH AND SEPARATION – LINES 1–4 The difference between 7 days and 33 days: Through blood to communion Childbirth is a process of blood, pain, and flesh. In the context of the temple, blood—except for sacrifice—could not be voluntarily brought before God. The woman was not unclean because she had sinned. She was isolated from holy communion she was in a state of physical weakness incompatible with the holiness of the place of worship. Here we see spiritual wisdom: that even a joyful process like childbirth requires a process of purification to be connected to the fellowship of God. Holiness is not simply avoiding sin, but being prepared to enter the presence of a Holy God. The impurity of the flesh is not a sin, but an obstacle to the presence of God; sanctification is a bridge of grace between weakness and glory. 📍 FEMALE AND MALE CHILD: DIFFERENCE OF DAYS – LINE 5 Why is the isolation period doubled for a girl child? This is the great mystery of this chapter. When a woman gives birth to a male child, she is unclean for 7 days, then she waits 33 days until she is purified. But for a female child, the impurity is for 14 days, and she waits 66 days—double the time. This is probably a ritual symbol that the seed of the woman (Genesis 3:15) will undergo a long process of purification leading up to the Son who will be born "of a woman" (Gal. 4:4). Thus the difference in days is not a judgment, but a sign of a long transition towards redemption. In general, the difference in days is not an indication of the lesser value of the female child, but rather a liturgical language of time—demonstrating a process of grace that builds hope for the ultimate sacrifice that will come through the woman's offspring. 📍 SEASONAL OFFERINGS – LINES 6–8 Spiritual Circumcision: Offering of Sweet Smell and Sin Offering After the purification period, the woman brings two offerings: a burnt offering (olah) and a sin offering (chatat). This is very important. Why a sin offering? Because Adam’s descendants are still under the shadow of death. It is a profound lesson: even our children, even new life, need God’s cleansing grace to enter into the covenant. In this way, procreation is not done away from the temple but is ultimately brought before God in worship. This is a lesson for every parent: that our offspring are God's property, and we call our children on a journey of purification and worship. ✝️ CHILDBIRTH AND HOLINESS: FULFILLED IN CHRIST Jesus Christ, born of a woman, came under this law (Luke 2:22–24). Mary brought her offering—two doves—a symbol that even the Redeemer shared in human blood. But by his death and resurrection, Jesus ended the sacrificial system because he was the final atoning sacrifice. In Christ, childbirth is not unclean but an invitation to grace. The process of physical life is given a spiritual face. The mother no longer goes to the temple but when she welcomes her child, she can dedicate him to the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Cor. 6:19). “Jesus entered into our nature—flesh and blood—to sanctify us in his own blood.” — Hebrews 2:14 🙌 THE BLESSING FOR CONSECRATED PARENTING The Lord will sanctify you, mother, not because you have sinned, but because life is a sacred thing. And may your offspring be lifted up as a fragrant offering, receiving the mark of eternal love and walking in the ways of Christ. 🔍 PRAY FOR THE PRESENT LIFE Do we see periods of physical weakness as obstacles or as opportunities for grace? Are we learning to dedicate our families as offerings to God? How can our communities support new mothers on their spiritual journey? 👥 FOR STUDY GROUPS Discuss: What does this chapter teach us about the relationship between the body and the spirit? Are there areas of our physical lives that we are afraid to touch ritually? ➡️ TOMORROW: “Examination of the Skin and Impurity of the Heart – Leviticus 13” Can impurity be visible to the eyes but become a sign of something deeper? 💬 COMMENTS AND PARTICIPATION Share your thoughts about the spiritual experience of childbirth or purification here: maisha-kamili.com . We are learning with you. 📚 LEARN MORE L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord? Reveal how Leviticus teaches us the journey of purification toward God's presence. Tim Mackie , BibleProject – Leviticus Series He explains the logic of worship and sacrifice as central to God's plan for dwelling among mankind. John Walton , The Lost World of the Torah It explains that laws are not just morals but systems for incorporating daily life into worship. Ellen G. White , Patriarchs and Prophets He offers a spiritual perspective on the importance of sacrifice and family life in the covenant. Ellen G. White , Thoughts from the Mount of Blessing He contemplates the grace of the purification process as part of man's spiritual journey.

Drawing Close to God: Visit the Leviticus, Look to Christ Is there a way to remove all the impurities of the heart and restore a close relationship with God on one special day of mercy? 1. Origin and Significance of the Day of Atonement The Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), meaning "to cover sins with blood" as a means of purification and restoration of fellowship, is the culmination of the book of Leviticus. This is the day set apart to sanctify the temple, the priests, and all the people. It demonstrates that although a Holy God dwells in the midst of an unholy people, He nevertheless provides a way of purification and atonement so that His presence may continue among them. It is an invitation to live close to God in purity and faithfulness. It is also part of God's plan to restore the entire world to righteousness and holiness through the atonement completed in Christ. Summary: God seeks to dwell with His people without destroying them because of their sins, so He provides a special annual way of purification to restore fellowship. See also Hebrews 9:11–12. 2. Chapter Structure and Message of the Day of Atonement This chapter is divided into three main sections: Preparation of the High Priest (16:1–10) Work of Atonement in the Most Holy Place and at the Altar (16:11–28) Sabbath of Rest and Humiliation (16:29–34) The temple was seen as a microcosm of the entire world. The sins of the people were seen to affect even the sanctuary, requiring annual purification. The Day of Atonement was like a reset button for the accumulated defilement so that God could continue to dwell among His people. Summary: The whole earth belongs to God and is like His sanctuary, and when sin enters, it disrupts His beautiful order of life (Psalm 24:3–4). 3. The Rite of Atonement and its Fulfillment in the New Testament 3.1 Bull and Goats for Sin (Leviticus 16:3–19) Sacrifice of the bull for the High Priest:  A bull was offered first for the sins of the High Priest and his household (Leviticus 16:6, 11). This teaches that even spiritual leaders are not perfect and need forgiveness. It's like a large car engine that needs maintenance before it can travel; so too, leaders need purification before they can lead others. In the New Testament, Christ, who was without sin, did not need a bull but offered Himself for all (Hebrews 7:27). Goat for the people's sin: The Lord's goat was slaughtered, and its blood sprinkled on the mercy seat and at the altar (Leviticus 16:15–19). Like filth defiling the temple – deadly sin needed to be covered by blood to purify and continue His presence among His people. Blood represented the life of the sinless offered so that repentant sinners might live in God's presence (Leviticus 17:11). The New Testament explains that Jesus entered the heavenly sanctuary Himself, as High Priest, with His own blood, making a way for His people to enter there and obtain true and eternal purification (Hebrews 9:12-14; 10:19-22). Summary: Everyone needs God's forgiveness, and now through Jesus, who entered the heavenly sanctuary, the way of true forgiveness and purification has been opened to all (Romans 3:23–24). 3.2 The Scapegoat (Leviticus 16:20–22) Goat for removing sin: The priest laid his hands on the goat, confessed all the sins of the people, and then the goat was released into the wilderness (Leviticus 16:21–22). This is an example of carrying away filth and discarding it, like removing garbage from a city so it is seen no more. It's a picture of our sins being removed far from us, as far as the east is from the west (Psalm 103:12). The New Testament sees Christ as the one who bears the sins of the world (John 1:29) – taking our burden and removing our punishment. Summary: God not only forgives but also removes the burden of our sins. Read also John 1:29. 3.3 The High Priest in Linen Garments (Leviticus 16:4, 23–24) Garment of humility: The High Priest removed his splendid garments and put on simple white linen (Leviticus 16:4, 23-24). It's an example of a leader setting aside personal honor and splendor, similar to a worker taking off a suit and putting on work clothes to serve others. This signifies humility and surrender, a principle promoted by the New Testament in Christ who humbled Himself and became a servant (Philippians 2:5–8). Summary: True service requires humility. Read also Philippians 2:5–8. 3.4 Sabbath of Rest and Humiliation (Leviticus 16:29, 31) Sabbath of rest and self-denial:  All the people were commanded to "afflict their souls," meaning to fast and humble themselves, and to rest (Leviticus 16:29, 31). It's like setting down a heavy burden and resting to gain new strength. Fasting showed repentance and dependence on God (Isaiah 58:6-7), and rest showed acceptance that the work of purification was accomplished by God alone. Resting in salvation and avoiding sinful desires: In the New Testament, this rest is akin to the spiritual rest found in Christ (Hebrews 4:9–10). Since Jesus has entered the heavenly sanctuary and opened the way for His people into God's presence (Hebrews 10:19–22), we are called to live a life of self-denial from sinful pleasures, demonstrating by our actions that we have accepted His purification and spiritual rest. Summary: True atonement resulting in purification and restoration requires a heart ready to humble itself and receive God's mercy. Read also Matthew 5:3–6. 4. Revelation of the Day of Atonement in History and Prophecy Leviticus 16 gives us a picture of God's plan for the purification of the entire world: The temple is a metaphor for the entire earth as God's dwelling place:  The whole earth is the place of God's presence, recalling Psalm 24:1-2 that "the earth is the Lord's, and everything in it." The High Priest represents Christ who offers himself for His people:  As the High Priest entered the sanctuary with blood, so Christ offered His life for all humanity (Hebrews 9:11-12). The scapegoat carries our sins away from us:  This is a sign of sin being completely removed, as it is written "he has removed our sins from us as far as the east is from the west" (Psalm 103:12). Sabbath of rest and humiliation: While the shed blood brought the priest and Israel to the mercy seat and the goat sent into the wilderness carried away sins; on that day, the people were called to rest and humble themselves by fasting (Leviticus 16:29, 31). This was a sign of abandoning sinful pleasures and receiving the joy of being accepted by God, fulfilled in God's people who receive Jesus as the sacrifice that takes away sin (John 1:29) and the High Priest who brings them to God (Hebrews 7:25; 9:24; 10:19–22). Summary: The entire trajectory of history concerns Christ, restoring creation to the Creator while removing sin from God's dwelling place, fulfilling what was symbolized by the Day of Atonement. 5. Application to Christian Life Let our hearts be purified:  As pure water removes dirt from a stained vessel, Christ has completely cleansed our sins; now we are called to live without guilt and shame (Hebrews 10:22). Humble service:  As a fruit-laden tree bows under the weight of its harvest, so too are we called to stop seeking glory and to dedicate ourselves to love, as the High Priest laid aside his honor for service (Mark 10:45). Gospel rest:  Like a bird resting on a sturdy branch after a storm, true rest is found only in the completed work of Christ, not in our struggles to make a living (Matthew 11:28–29). Self-assessment questions: What heart obstacles do you need to release to God? Why not let the wind of God's grace blow away unreasonable fears and unprofitable grudges? How will you humble yourself in your service? Lower the shoulders of pride and walk in the path of love and true service. Do you know the true rest found in Christ? Rest in Him like a child with its mother, enjoying the arms of grace that gently embrace you. 6. Conclusion Leviticus 16 teaches us that God does not take sin lightly, but in His mercy, He has provided a way to restore the sinner and remove sin. The Day of Atonement was a symbol of what Christ has eternally accomplished. The essence of the law is God's mercy dealing with sin so that His presence may continue among His people and the entire world can share in this atonement. Summary: God calls us to live in holiness, humility, and the rest of His love. Read also John 14:27. 7. Final Blessing (Benediction) May the Lord purify you as a cleansed tabernacle, cover you with His grace as the heavens cover the earth, and enable you to live in His rest and purity every day of your life. Amen. 8. Comments and Fellowship We welcome your comments, reflections, and testimonies on how this lesson has touched you. Join the discussion and shared fellowship through the maisha-kamili.com platform or ongoing study groups. Your participation is part of our shared journey of growth in Christ. 9. Next Lesson Leviticus 17 – Blood and Life: Why does God say "life is in the blood," and what does it mean for our salvation and daily life of faith? 10. Annotated Bibliography Jacob Milgrom, Leviticus 1–16 (Anchor Yale Bible)  – A detailed commentary on the laws of atonement and worship in Leviticus. L. Michael Morales, Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord?  – Teachings on the theme of the temple and the presence of God as the foundation of atonement. John H. Walton, The Lost World of the Torah  – A cultural and textual perspective on the laws of the Old Testament. Ellen G. White, Patriarchs and Prophets  – Spiritual and prophetic explanations of the sacrificial system and its spiritual meaning. N.T. Wright, The Day the Revolution Began  – An understanding of the cross and atonement in the context of the entire Bible.

Draw Near to God: Visit Leviticus, Behold Jesus Christ What do we learn about covenant faithfulness and its consequences? 🔍 Introduction Leviticus 26 is like the climax of the Sinai Covenant narrative—God calling Israel to cling to Him with faithful hearts and actions. This chapter paints two contrasting paths: the road of obedience leading to life and rest in God’s presence, and the road of rebellion breaking covenant, leaving the land desolate and the people exiled. It echoes the choice humanity has faced from the beginning: Adam in Eden:  Faced the choice of obedience that brings life or rebellion that brings death (Genesis 2:16–17). Israel on the Banks of the Jordan:  Urged to choose life and blessing rather than death and curse as they entered the promised land (Deuteronomy 30:19). Disciples at the Sermon on the Mount:  Invited to a new choice—the narrow way of the Kingdom and blessings for the meek, merciful, and those hungry for righteousness (Matthew 5:1–12; 7:13–14). Chapter Outline Verses 1–2:  Rejecting idols and keeping the Sabbath. Verses 3–13:  Blessings for obedience, including abundant harvests, peace, and God’s presence. Verses 14–39:  Curses for rebellion, increasing step by step until exile. Verses 40–46:  Call to repentance and God’s promise to remember His covenant and restore His people. 📜 Context of the Passage The Sinai Covenant and the Presence Temple  – Blessings and curses are not matters of chance but the result of covenant loyalty. God promised to dwell “in their midst” as in Eden’s garden (Leviticus 26:11–12), calling them to be a holy nation. Ancient Near Eastern Treaty Pattern:  Leviticus 26 resembles royal treaties (Suzerain Treaties), where the king lays out conditions of loyalty, promising protection and success for the faithful and warning of judgment for rebels. Biblical Interpretation:  These blessings and curses are not only economic or social but about God’s presence and the heart’s posture before Him. Rebellion leads to exile and loss of God’s rest (like Babylon), while faithfulness brings a taste of “Eden restored” in a broken world. 📖 Exposition of Leviticus 26 1. Rejecting Idols and Keeping the Sabbath (vv. 1–2) This is the foundation of covenant faithfulness. Rejecting idols means refusing false sources of identity and security. Sabbath, as covenant rest, reminded Israel they were a redeemed people, not slaves to endless work and anxiety. It points back to Creation (Genesis 2:1–3) and the Exodus (Deuteronomy 5:12–15). Jesus reframed the Sabbath as a gift of mercy and life (Mark 2:27–28). 2. Blessings for Obedience (vv. 3–13) These blessings include timely rains, abundant harvests, peace, and God dwelling among them. The phrase “I will walk among you” (v. 12) echoes Eden (Genesis 3:8) and anticipates the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:3). These blessings are not just material prosperity but a vision of the world set right (shalom) with God, humanity, and creation reconciled. In the New Testament, Jesus embodies these blessings in the Kingdom of God (Matthew 5–7), emphasizing righteousness and love as fruits of true obedience. 3. Curses for Rebellion (vv. 14–39) The curses unfold in escalating steps: disease, drought, military defeat, fear, wild animals, severe famine, and ultimately exile. This illustrates what happens when humanity rejects God—the world collapses into chaos (tohu wabohu) as in Genesis 1:2. Israel’s history, especially the Babylonian exile (2 Kings 25), proves the reality of these warnings. The New Testament echoes this theme, showing rebellion’s consequences as spiritual darkness and judgment (Romans 1:18–32), while still pointing to God’s mercy. 4. Mercy for Repentance (vv. 40–46) Even in judgment, there is a call to repentance and a promise that God will remember His covenant and restore His people. God’s mercy triumphs over judgment (James 2:13). Repentance means returning to the covenant relationship of love and trust. In Christ, this promise reaches its climax, for He bears the curse of our rebellion and gives us the blessing of the Spirit (Galatians 3:13–14). The promised restoration culminates in the New Covenant rest (Hebrews 4:9–10) and the hope of the new creation (Revelation 21–22). 🛡️ Theological Insights 1. Blessing: God’s Presence Among His People The greatest blessing is not just harvests or military victory but God Himself dwelling among His people (v. 12). This echoes Eden and anticipates the New Jerusalem in Revelation 21. In Christ, this is fulfilled as the Holy Spirit dwells within us (1 Corinthians 3:16). True blessing is about restored relationship, not just material wealth. 2. Curse: The Consequence of Rebellion Curses describe life unraveling—health failing, society breaking, economies collapsing, fear and enemies ruling, and exile. This is the picture of humanity rejecting its Creator, with the world fracturing like in Genesis 3. Israel’s exile, especially in Babylon, proves these words true. 3. Mercy and Repentance Judgment is not the final word. God invites confession of sin and a return to Him, promising to remember His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (vv. 40–45). This anticipates Christ’s work of reconciliation, bearing our curse and giving us the Spirit’s blessing (Galatians 3:13–14). 🔥 Life Application Choosing Covenant Obedience:  We are called to daily choose to follow God and rely on His guidance rather than live as though we are self-sufficient. Remembering the Effects of Sin:  Sin impacts not only individuals but families, society, and even creation; we are urged to see how our moral choices shape or break our world. Living in Ongoing Repentance:  Repentance is not a one-time event but a lifestyle—confessing, adjusting our ways, and growing in God’s grace daily. 🛤 Spiritual Practices Personal Reflection:  Re-read Leviticus 26:3–13 and record blessings you have experienced in life through obedience to God’s Word. Group Discussion:  Compare the stages of curses listed in this chapter with real-world examples of societal breakdown today, then discuss gospel-centered solutions. Prayer of Repentance and Restoration:  Pray for forgiveness of personal and communal sins, asking God to restore hearts and relationships with His righteousness and love. 🙏 Closing Prayer O Father of mercy, we lift our voices in deep gratitude. Thank You for Your call drawing us into the blessings of Your unchanging presence. Guard us from hard hearts and wandering into rebellion. Teach us to walk in true repentance each day, and may Your Holy Spirit walk among us as the breath of life and unending peace. Amen. ➡️ Next Study: Leviticus 27 – Vows and Devoted Things What do vows and devoted things to the Lord teach us about voluntary worship and the seriousness of our promises to God?

Drawing Near to God: Visit Leviticus, See Christ ❓ What do the Sabbath and the Year of Jubilee teach us about true freedom and new life in Christ? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT Leviticus 25 is the pinnacle of land and temple instructions, revealing God’s plan to create a society that lives by rest, mercy, and restoration. God commanded the weekly Sabbath, the Sabbath year every seventh year, and ultimately the Year of Jubilee—fifty years crowned with the sounding of the trumpet, proclaiming: rest, release, and restoration. Sabbath and Jubilee are mysteries of grace: God ending slavery, breaking chains of debt, and giving His people a fresh start. Throughout Scripture, Sabbath and Jubilee crown the story of redemption: from resting one day, to resting one year, to the eternal life of rest and freedom in Christ. Jesus declares Himself to be the fulfillment of true rest and freedom (Luke 4:18–19; Hebrews 4:9–10). 📖 READ FIRST: LEVITICUS 25 Read carefully the instructions regarding the land Sabbath, debt forgiveness, the release of slaves, and the restoration of land. Ask: Why did God establish a cycle of renewal every fifty years?  Can you see the picture of Christ in this? 📖 STUDY STRUCTURE FOR THIS CHAPTER 1. THE LAND SABBATH: REST AS AN ACT OF FAITH (VV. 1–7) The land Sabbath required the Israelites to stop farming for an entire year. The land rested and the people learned to depend on God as provider. It was a living parable of faith-rest that conquers fear of lack and the urge for self-reliance (Exodus 16:29–30; Matthew 6:25–34). The land Sabbath dismantled the concept of absolute human ownership: “the land is not yours, but the Lord’s”  (Lev. 25:23). 2. THE YEAR OF JUBILEE: FREEDOM AND RESTORATION (VV. 8–17) In the fiftieth year, a trumpet of celebration sounded: “Proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants”  (Lev. 25:10). Land was restored, slaves freed, and families returned to their ancestral inheritance. This system prevented permanent classes of rich and poor and ensured family and tribal inheritance never vanished. It is a picture of Christ bringing spiritual Jubilee: true freedom from sin and restoration of the inheritance of God’s children (John 8:36; Ephesians 1:11). 3. THE LAND IS THE LORD’S: WE ARE STRANGERS AND SOJOURNERS (VV. 18–34) God clearly declared: “The land is mine and you are but strangers and tenants before me”  (Lev. 25:23). This reminded Israel that wealth is not the foundation of identity. We are travelers, waiting for an eternal inheritance (Hebrews 11:13–16; 1 Peter 2:11). Jubilee reduced the worship of possessions and restored the worship of God, the true owner of all things. 4. REDEEMING A BROTHER: HELP AND DEBT FORGIVENESS (VV. 35–55) To preserve human dignity, God established the right of redemption and the forgiveness of debts. The poor were not to be exploited but helped, and slaves were to be released. This reminded Israel they were a nation redeemed from slavery in Egypt (Exodus 22:25; Deuteronomy 15:7–11). In the New Testament, Christ is our Goel —our family Redeemer—who pays the debt of sin and sets us free (Mark 10:45; Galatians 5:1). 🛡 BIBLICAL REFLECTION IN CHRIST Jesus is Our Sabbath  – we find true rest by ceasing to rely on our own works of righteousness and trusting in Him (Hebrews 4:9–10; Matthew 11:28–30). Jesus is Our Jubilee  – He announces freedom to the oppressed and breaks the chains of sin (Luke 4:18–19). In Him, we gain a new inheritance and true freedom (Colossians 1:13–14). The Church as a Jubilee Community  – the church is called to witness to the Kingdom of God through forgiveness, redemption, justice, and the restoration of human dignity (Acts 4:32–35). 🔥 LIFE APPLICATION Rest in Faith  – stop striving as though trying to catch the wind with your hands—an impossible, pointless task. Live in faith that God carries your needs, like a well in the desert giving life again to a lost traveler. Forgive and Set Free  – offer forgiveness like someone opening the doors of a prison and letting an enemy walk free. It is an act of authority and courage to restore broken relationships. Serve Those on the Margins  – seek out and break down social and economic barriers like an engineer demolishing walls of hatred and injustice and building bridges of peace and fairness. Give opportunities that restore dignity and hope, like a young person granted access to education after years of exclusion, now shining as a light to the community. 🔍 FURTHER REFLECTION What areas of my life need the Jubilee of Christ—freedom and a fresh start? Do I view God as the owner of everything I have? Who do I need to forgive and set free today? 👥 FOR STUDY GROUPS Discuss: What challenges come with practicing Jubilee principles in today’s economic systems? Consider: What “mini-Jubilees” can we begin in our families, churches, or communities? Pray: For the renewal of lives oppressed by chains of sin and injustice. 🙌 CLOSING BLESSING May the Lord enable you to rest in Christ, break the chains of fear and sin, and restore you to the inheritance of a child in God’s family. Amen. ➡ NEXT LESSON: LEVITICUS 26 – BLESSINGS AND CURSES What do we learn about covenant faithfulness and its outcomes? 📚 NOTES AND REFERENCES L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord?  – shows how Sabbath and Jubilee are mysteries pointing back to Eden and their fulfillment in Christ. Ellen G. White , Patriarchs and Prophets  – emphasizes Jubilee as a system of justice and redemption pointing to spiritual deliverance. John Walton , The Lost World of the Torah  – explains these instructions as covenantal wisdom shaping a community of justice and love, not merely political law. Jacob Milgrom , Leviticus: Anchor Yale Bible  – explains Jubilee as a priestly solution for restoring social equity and covenant inheritance, pointing toward eternal redemption.

Drawing Near to God: Visit Leviticus, Behold Christ ❓ What do the perpetual lamp and the bread of presence teach us about God’s light and provision for His people? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT This chapter takes us into the very heart of the tabernacle service, focusing on two key elements: the perpetual lamp  and the bread of presence . The lamp was never to go out, a sign of God’s unceasing presence and His light shining in the world’s darkness. The twelve loaves, representing all the tribes of Israel, were placed before God every Sabbath, signifying God’s continual provision and covenantal fellowship. Here we see how God gives tangible signs of His presence and His daily care (Exodus 27:20–21; Hebrews 9:2; Revelation 1:12–13). 📖 Read First: Leviticus 24 Oil for the perpetual lamp  (Leviticus 24:1–4) Bread of presence before the Lord  (Leviticus 24:5–9) Judgment for blasphemy  (Leviticus 24:10–23) 🔍 STUDY STRUCTURE FOR THIS CHAPTER 1. THE PERPETUAL LAMP – GOD’S LIGHT (Leviticus 24:1–4) Pure olive oil was required so that the lamp might continually burn. This light was not just functional but symbolized God’s presence and the prayers rising to Him (Psalm 141:2; Revelation 5:8). Aaron’s blessing (Numbers 6:25)  gains fresh meaning: “The Lord make His face shine upon you.”  Jesus declares: “I am the light of the world; whoever follows Me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life”  (John 8:12). This lamp calls us to live carrying His light, showing deeds of light (Matthew 5:14–16; Ephesians 5:8–9). 2. BREAD OF PRESENCE – COVENANT PROVISION (Leviticus 24:5–9) The twelve loaves, representing all the tribes, were placed before God every Sabbath. This demonstrated that Israel’s life and sustenance depended on God. The priests ate this bread as a sign of the nation’s fellowship with God (1 Samuel 21:1–6). Jesus fulfills this by proclaiming: “I am the bread of life; whoever comes to Me shall never hunger”  (John 6:35). God’s table is now extended to the whole world through the Lord’s Supper (1 Corinthians 10:16–17), creating spiritual unity among His people. 3. HONORING THE HOLY NAME OF GOD (Leviticus 24:10–23) The story of the man who cursed God’s name teaches the seriousness of honoring Him (Exodus 20:7). Jesus warns: “Everyone will have to give account on the day of judgment for every empty word they have spoken”  (Matthew 12:36–37). Light and provision cannot be separated from reverence for God’s name. This is a call to live as witnesses of His name and to share fellowship at His table with reverence. 🛡️ BIBLICAL AND THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION Toward the New Eden:  The lamp and bread recall Eden’s garden: God’s light and the tree of life, fulfilled in Christ (Revelation 21:23; 22:1–2). This teaches us that God’s plan from the beginning is to bring humanity into His eternal presence. The Bible’s final vision reveals God’s city where His light never fails and His life never ends, fulfilling what was promised in Eden. The Lamp as Prayer and Presence:  The perpetual light shows the continuity of prayer and God’s abiding presence (1 Thessalonians 5:16–18; Hebrews 7:25). It is a picture of hearts burning with ceaseless prayer, holding close fellowship with God in every circumstance. The unfailing flame invites us to live in unbroken relationship with God, where every breath and every act becomes a prayer of gratitude. The Bread as Fellowship and Life:  The bread of presence teaches us about the Lord’s Table and the unity of Christ’s body (1 Corinthians 11:23–26). This bread is a sign of the life given by Christ to all who believe, breaking down walls of hostility and bringing unity. By sharing this table, we are reminded that our spiritual life and fellowship as believers come from Christ’s love and sacrifice. God’s Name and Mission:  Honoring God’s name makes us “the light of the world” and “the salt of the earth” (Matthew 5:13–16), guarding both lips and hearts (James 3:9–10). Honoring God through words and actions becomes a testimony of His glory to a watching world. As salt and light, our lives should reflect the worth of God’s name and draw others toward the light of the gospel. 🔥 LIFE APPLICATION Be a Light:  The perpetual lamp teaches us to live as witnesses of Christ’s light in word and deed. Let your smile, your kindness to an elderly neighbor or a burdened youth, be like a lamp shining wherever you are. When you help a neighbor expecting nothing in return, the world knows Christ’s light still burns. Share God’s Table:  The Lord’s Table teaches us to remember God’s provision and the unity of Christ’s body. It is like a family sitting down together, laughing and sharing one loaf, knowing they are blessed to be one. Each week, consider inviting a neighbor or friend who has no family, eating together, showing that God’s table knows no walls. Honor the Name:  Our lives should confirm reverence for God’s name in family, work, and community. Choose not to speak a harsh word at work, or choose to embrace your child and say, “You are a blessing,” giving honor to God’s name. In everyday actions—guarding your words on social media or seeking forgiveness when you have wronged someone—the name of God shines like the morning sun. 🙌 CLOSING BLESSING May the Lord make His face shine upon you and fill you with the light of His grace. May He feed you with the bread of life and keep you steadfast in His holy name. Amen. 🔍 REFLECTION QUESTIONS Friend, where in your heart does a shadow still wait to be lit by Christ’s light, as the sky waits for dawn? What small habits, like giving thanks before every meal or writing down daily gratitude, can you build to remember that all your provision comes from Him each day? How do you honor God’s name in your words and decisions, knowing every word you speak is a seed that can grow love or pain? 👥 FOR STUDY GROUPS Discuss: What do the perpetual lamp and the bread of presence mean for believers today? Share: How can we honor God’s name in a society that often disrespects spiritual things? ➡️ Next Lesson: Leviticus 25 – Sabbath and the Year of Jubilee What do the Sabbath and the Year of Jubilee teach us about freedom and renewal in Christ?

Drawing Near to God: Visit Leviticus, Behold Christ What do the Feasts of the Lord teach us about God’s appointed times and His invitation to rest and celebration? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND THEOLOGICAL CONTEXT Leviticus 23 is like God’s calendar —directing the history of salvation through sacred days and seasons ( moedim ). While other nations used calendars to mark agricultural cycles and wars, God called Israel to align their entire lives with His times of rest, redemption, and celebration . Here we see the Gospel in shadow form: Christ is the fulfillment of these appointed times (Galatians 4:4), turning history into a story of celebration leading humanity into God’s rest  (Hebrews 4:1–11). The Torah was never meant to be just a collection of legal rules , but rather covenant wisdom —an invitation to share in God’s order of creation and redemption. These feasts are like the opening notes of a grand symphony, giving us a foretaste of the great festival of God’s coming Kingdom. 📖 SUMMARY OF LEVITICUS 23 Weekly Sabbath  (23:1–3) – a sign of creation rest and redemption. Passover & Unleavened Bread  (23:4–8) – remembrance of deliverance through the blood of the lamb. Firstfruits Offering  (23:9–14) – presenting the first produce to God. Feast of Weeks (Pentecost)  (23:15–22) – celebrating the close of harvest and the gift of the Word and Spirit. Fall Festivals  (23:23–44) – Trumpets, Day of Atonement, and Tabernacles, symbolizing judgment, forgiveness, and eternal rest. 📘 STUDY OUTLINE 1. SABBATH – FOUNDATION OF GOD’S REST (23:1–3) The Sabbath points back to creation (Genesis 2:1–3) and redemption (Deuteronomy 5:12–15). It is a sign of the covenant  that God is both Creator and Redeemer. Hebrews 4:9–10 sees the Sabbath fulfilled in Christ, who gives us the rest of grace . It teaches us that life was never meant to be an endless machine, but a shared journey with God filled with friendship and true rest. 2. PASSOVER AND UNLEAVENED BREAD – SALVATION THROUGH BLOOD (23:4–8) Passover recalled the blood on the doorposts (Exodus 12), a sign of judgment passing over. The unleavened bread symbolized removing the old corruption and starting a new life. The New Testament identifies Jesus as the Passover Lamb  (1 Corinthians 5:7), leading us out of slavery to sin into the freedom of God’s Kingdom. 3. FIRSTFRUITS OFFERING – THE FIRST YIELD (23:9–14) The firstfruits declared that all harvest belongs to the Lord. Paul links this to Christ’s resurrection: “Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep”  (1 Corinthians 15:20). Just as firstfruits promised a full harvest, Christ’s resurrection guarantees ours. 4. FEAST OF WEEKS (PENTECOST) – POWER OF THE SPIRIT (23:15–22) This feast closed the harvest season with two loaves baked with leaven—a sign that all nations, despite their flaws, were welcomed into God’s plan. In Acts 2, this was fulfilled through the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, launching the harvest of the nations . We are all called to join in this mission, bearing witness to the Gospel to the ends of the earth. 5. FEAST OF TRUMPETS – THE CALL TO AWAKEN (23:23–25) The trumpet blast announced the start of the spiritual year and preparation for judgment. In its ultimate fulfillment, the trumpet represents the call of the Gospel  and the voice of Christ’s return  (1 Thessalonians 4:16). It is an invitation to awaken from the sleep of sin. 6. DAY OF ATONEMENT – REMOVAL OF SIN (23:26–32) This was a day of fasting, cleansing, and restoration. Leviticus 16 shows God’s provision for forgiveness. Jesus, by His blood, accomplished atonement once for all (Hebrews 9:12). We are called to live daily as reconciled people, extending forgiveness to all around us. 7. FEAST OF TABERNACLES – REMEMBRANCE AND HOPE (23:33–44) The tabernacles reminded Israel of life in the wilderness and God’s protection but also celebrated the final harvest. They point forward to the ultimate festival when God will dwell with His people forever (Revelation 21:3). It was a celebration of joy—like God’s family singing together at a great festival. 🛡️ THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION History as festival:  These Levitical feasts form a salvation story, moving from creation (Sabbath) to redemption (Passover), Spirit empowerment (Pentecost), judgment and forgiveness (Trumpets and Atonement), and Kingdom joy (Tabernacles). Christ as the center:  Jesus is the true Sabbath (creation rest), the Passover Lamb (redemption), the firstfruits (resurrection), the Spirit-giver (Pentecost), the final trumpet (His return), and the eternal Tabernacle (God with us). Call to the church:  God’s calendar teaches us to shape our lives by His rhythm—blending rest, celebration, repentance, and hope. 🔥 LIFE APPLICATION Rest with purpose:  Like an artist laying down the pen to hear the wind, let go of life’s distractions and rest in Christ’s grace. Celebrate salvation:  Let every day be filled with gratitude, like a song of freedom, thanking God for Christ’s saving blood. Join God’s harvest:  Give your heart to the world’s field, proclaiming the Gospel in the power of the Spirit, as though plowing soil thirsty for hope. Prepare for the trumpet:  Walk in holiness, living in repentance, like one sensing the morning light announcing His soon return. Rejoice in eternal rest:  Hold a heart of gratitude and joy, like a bride awaiting the wedding feast of the Lamb with a smile. 🔍 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS What do these feasts teach us about God’s plan for human history? How can we create a spiritual rhythm  today that reflects rest, celebration, and repentance? In what ways has Jesus uniquely fulfilled all the feasts of Leviticus? 🙌 CLOSING BLESSING May the Lord help you live by His appointed times, fill you with the joy of His festivals and the peace of His rest, and make you a sign of His coming Kingdom. Amen. Next Lesson: Leviticus 24 – Lamps and Bread Before the Lord What do the lamp and the bread of the Presence teach us about God’s light and provision for His people?

Drawing to God: Visit Leviticus, Behold Christ What is the connection between offerings and the Lord’s Table with the daily life of believers? 📖 INTRODUCTION: THE STORY OF GOD’S TABLE Leviticus 22 brings us to the climax of the message of holiness  that permeates the whole book. Here we see how God guards His table: who may approach it, in what condition, and with what kind of heart. It is not an ordinary meal; it is a covenant table  that reveals God’s presence among His people. This gives us a unique picture of the Lord’s Table  (the Bread and the Cup of Christ), where Jesus, as the true host, calls His disciples to eat and drink at His table (Luke 22:19–20). As with Israel, so it is today: to come to the table without reverence is dangerous to our souls  (1 Cor 11:27–29). 📜 STRUCTURE OF THE LEVITICUS 22 AND ITS PURPOSE Duties of Priests and Holiness of Offerings (22:1–9)  – Priests had to be physically and ceremonially clean before handling the offerings. Regulations on Who May Eat Offerings (22:10–16)  – Offerings were sacred gifts; they could not be eaten by anyone outside the covenant. Quality of Offerings (22:17–30)  – Defective offerings were unacceptable; only the best was to be given. Call to Holiness (22:31–33)  – The overarching reason for all these: “Be holy, because I am holy.” 🔍 HISTORICAL, SCRIPTURAL, AND INTERTEXTUAL ANALYSIS 1. Priest and the Holiness of Offerings God required priests to avoid defilement (22:1–9) to demonstrate that those serving at His table must model the purity expected of the whole nation. This reflects the covenant system: the Lord’s servants must mirror His holiness  (compare Leviticus 21). In the New Testament, this call shifts from the Levitical priesthood to all believers as “a royal priesthood, a holy nation”  (1 Peter 2:9). 2. Offerings for Covenant Members Only The offerings were covenant food. They were not to be eaten by foreigners or hired workers (22:10–16) because they were a sign of exclusive fellowship between God and His people. This echoes the Lord’s Table, where Paul warns against participating without discernment (1 Cor 11:27–29). Participation in Christ’s table is an invitation to live as true members of the new covenant. 3. Quality of Offerings: A Picture of Christ The offering had to be without blemish  (22:17–25). This foreshadowed Christ, the spotless Lamb (1 Peter 1:18–19), who fulfilled everything these offerings symbolized. People brought their best to God as a sign of respect and love, teaching us today to offer our lives as “living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God”  (Romans 12:1). 4. Thank Offerings and Immediate Response The thank offering had to be eaten within one or two days (22:29–30). This signifies that God’s grace is not to be delayed; it requires an immediate response (2 Cor 6:2). The offering was not just a memory but an invitation to share in God’s presence now. 🛡 THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION Covenant Table:  From Levitical offerings to the Lord’s Table, God invites His people to sit with Him—to eat, share, and live covenant lives (Matthew 26:26–29; Revelation 19:9). Quality of Offerings and Christ:  The flawless offering points to Jesus’ own sacrifice, giving His body as the bread of life. The Lord’s Table is participation in His perfect sacrifice. Call to Holiness:  From Sinai to the early Church, the message is the same: “Be holy, because I am holy”  (Leviticus 22:31–33; 1 Peter 1:15–16). God’s holiness transforms every area of our lives—our food, work, and relationships. 🔥 LIFE APPLICATIONS Life as an Offering:  Is your daily life becoming God’s table ? Consider your work, family, and use of time as an offering of love to God and neighbor. Participation in the Lord’s Table:  Before sharing the bread and cup, ask yourself: Is my heart ready to meet the Lord at His table? Giving God Your Best:  Are your gifts, time, and faithfulness giving God the best or just what is left over? 🙏 SPIRITUAL PRACTICES Daily Reflection:  Begin the day with the prayer: “Lord, today I want my life to be a living sacrifice before You.” Heart Circumcision:  Pray a prayer of repentance before partaking of the Lord’s Table, remembering Christ’s sacrifice. Thank Offering:  Give with a grateful heart, recognizing every blessing as an opportunity to return it to God. 🙌 CLOSING PRAYER Holy Lord, teach us to see Your table as a place of grace and holiness. Cleanse our hearts so that every act and every breath becomes an offering of honor before You. Amen. 📢 GROUP QUESTIONS How can you make your everyday life a special offering  to God? What steps can you take to participate in the Lord’s Table with greater reverence and joy? ➡ Next Lesson: LEVITICUS 23 – Feasts of the Lord Question: What do the feasts of the Lord teach us about God’s timing and His invitation to rest and celebration?

Drawing Close to God: Visit Leviticus, Behold Jesus Christ ❓ Why did God set special requirements for the priests regarding their lives and service, and what does it teach us about the holiness of those who minister before Him today? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT Leviticus 21 is part of the Holiness Code  (Leviticus 17–26), focusing on how Israel was to live near the presence of God dwelling in the Tent of Meeting. This call to holiness for the priests comes from the biblical foundation: “Be holy because I, the Lord your God, am holy”  (Leviticus 19:2). The priests were more than ritual functionaries; they were those who lifted the hands of the people to God  and also lifted the face of God toward the people  (Numbers 6:22–27). Therefore, their private lives, families, and even physical health were directly related to the honor of the altar and the honor of God’s name. 📖 STRUCTURE OF LEVITICUS 21 Concerning contact with the dead and mourning  (vv. 1–6) Marriage restrictions for priests  (vv. 7–8) Special requirements for the High Priest  (vv. 10–15) Rules concerning physical defects  (vv. 16–24) 🔍 TEXTUAL EXPLANATION 1. The Dead and Mourning (vv. 1–6) Touching a dead body was viewed as a source of ritual impurity (Numbers 19:11–22); therefore, priests were urged to avoid it except for close relatives. A modern example would be a worship leader avoiding superstitious funeral practices in order to demonstrate the hope of eternal life in Christ (John 11:25–26). 2. Marriage and Honor in Ministry (vv. 7–8) A priest was to marry a woman of honor, not a prostitute or a divorced woman, protecting the honor of his household as a sign of purity in ministry. Similarly today, spiritual leaders often choose spouses who share their faith and values—for example, a pastor marrying a supportive partner who enhances rather than opposes ministry (Malachi 2:7–16; Ephesians 5:25–27). 3. The High Priest – The Highest Standard (vv. 10–15) The High Priest, who entered the Holy of Holies, was called to complete consecration: avoiding public displays of mourning and marrying only a virgin as a symbol of new life. A modern example might be senior church leaders called to lives of humility and moral purity, modeling Christ, the eternal High Priest (Hebrews 7:26). 4. Physical Defects and Altar Service (vv. 16–24) A priest with a physical defect was not excluded from the priestly community but was restricted from altar service, symbolizing the perfection anticipated in the work of atonement. Today, this might be compared to certain ministries that require specific physical capacities while affirming that everyone has value and dignity before God, just as Christ was the perfect, unblemished sacrifice (1 Peter 1:19). 🛡 THEOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS Call to Holiness : Leviticus 21 shows that the presence of God requires unique purity . Just as all Israel was called to be a holy nation (Exodus 19:5–6), priests were required to embody an even higher standard. Priest as a Foreshadow of Christ : The life and regulations of priests point toward Jesus Christ, who is not only the High Priest but also the perfect sacrifice (Hebrews 9:11–14). The Church as a Royal Priesthood : In the New Testament, this call extends to the entire church: “You are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation”  (1 Peter 2:9). The ministry of every believer, not just pastors, becomes a sign of God’s presence in the world . 🔥 LIFE APPLICATIONS Ministry as a Calling, not a Job : Gospel workers are called to live honorably not simply because of their title but because their lives are part of their message. Honor for Ministry : The church should support pastors and leaders in living lives of spiritual and moral accountability. Every Believer is a Priest : The call to holiness extends to every person in Christ. Everyday life—family, work, business—can become an “altar” of worship to God (Romans 12:1–2). 🛤 SPIRITUAL PRACTICES Prayer of Consecration : Each morning and evening, take a few minutes to pray specifically for an area where you need help—for example, asking for a heart free from jealousy at work or patience at home, so your whole life becomes a vessel usable by God. Life Reflection : Write down three areas that need spiritual cleansing—perhaps a pattern of harsh speech, a financial decision, or an attitude that belittles others. Reflect on how God’s Word can guide those changes. Community Ministry : Join a prayer group or volunteer ministry; for example, visiting the sick, sharing food with the homeless, or worshiping together in small groups, so that your collective witness is visible in the community. 🙏 CLOSING PRAYER Holy Lord, You have called us to be a kingdom of priests. Teach us to live pure and honorable lives, so that our service may be a sweet aroma before You and a light to the world. Amen. ➡️ Next Study: Leviticus 22 – Holiness of Offerings and the Lord’s Table What do offerings and the Lord’s table have to do with the everyday lives of believers?

Drawing Near to God: Visiting Leviticus, Beholding Jesus Christ ❓ Why did God establish severe penalties, even the death penalty, for certain sins? Was His purpose to frighten people, or to protect the holiness of the nation that bore His name? 🪔 INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT Leviticus 20 lies at the heart of the Holiness Code (Leviticus 17–26) , a section that emphasizes daily life under God’s call: “Be holy because I, the Lord, am holy”  (19:2). In ancient Israel, sin was not merely a private matter but a societal and cultic crisis. God dwelt among His people, and their character was to reflect His presence. Serious sins such as Molek worship, witchcraft, and the breakdown of family through sexual immorality and forbidden relationships were considered pollution of the land and the sanctuary . God says: “Do not defile yourselves by any of these things, because this is how the nations that I am casting out before you became defiled”  (18:24). Leviticus 20 spells out the consequences of disobedience: death, being cut off from the community, and loss of inheritance in the land. 📖 Read First: Leviticus 20 Main categories of sin and their penalties: Molek Worship and Witchcraft  – offering children as sacrifices, consulting mediums and spiritists (20:1–6). Penalty: death and removal from God’s presence. Sexual Immorality and Family Violations  – adultery, sleeping with in-laws, sisters, one’s wife’s sister, animals, or same-sex relations (20:10–21). Penalty: death or curse of childlessness. Final Call to Holiness  – separation from the nations and keeping God’s laws (20:7–8, 22–26). 📖 TEXTUAL AND EXEGETICAL ANALYSIS 1. Judgment Against Molek Worship and Spiritism (20:1–6) Molek represented a cruel cult of child sacrifice. God declared this worship to be an affront to His holy name. In the context of the Old Testament, consulting mediums and spiritists was seen as breaking covenant loyalty , as if the nation sought guidance and protection from powers other than YHWH. The death penalty here underscores that cultic corruption strikes at the very core of God’s presence among His people  (see Deuteronomy 18:9–14). 2. Sexual Sin and Family Breakdown (20:10–21) This section gives detailed prohibitions of adultery and forbidden family relationships. These laws protect the sanctity of marriage, family, and inheritance , which formed the foundation of Israel’s social life. These acts are labeled “to’evah” (abomination)  – a term used for covenant-breaking acts that bring defilement (see Numbers 18:22; Deuteronomy 7:25–26). Similarly, Paul in the New Testament warns that to sin sexually is to destroy one’s body, which is the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 6:18–20). 3. Call to Holiness (20:7–8, 22–26) The laws end not with penalties alone but with invitation: “Consecrate yourselves and be holy, because I am the Lord your God”  (v. 7). This highlights that the judgments are not merely punitive but are meant to guide people into a life of fellowship with God  and distinction from other nations. The word “separated”  in verse 26 shows the trajectory of the entire covenant: God’s people are called to be “a royal priesthood and a holy nation”  (Exodus 19:6; 1 Peter 2:9). 🛡️ THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION God as Protector of Life  – the judgment against Molek worship and sorcery affirms that life is God’s gift and must not be sacrificed to false gods or degraded by occult powers. Sin is Social and Relational  – sexual immorality and occult practices do not harm only individuals but destroy families, communities, and the spiritual heritage of a people. These laws show that holiness has a social dimension , not merely a personal or spiritual one. Holiness as Covenant Calling  – the severe judgments aim to preserve the unique relationship between God and His people. It is a call to live differently  (holy distinction), not out of pride but as a witness to God’s grace to all nations. 🔥 LIFE APPLICATION How seriously do we take sins that destroy families and society today (abuse, corruption, human trafficking, treating people as commodities)? Do we realize that moral failure has consequences not only for individuals but also for the honor and legacy of a people? Holiness in Christ today means choosing a different path : rejecting sin, honoring the body as a temple of the Spirit, and living as people of the new covenant (1 Peter 1:15–16). 🛤️ SPIRITUAL PRACTICES Life Examination  – look at areas where culture or tradition influences your decisions against God’s will. Prayer of Repentance and Separation from Evil  – ask for the Spirit’s grace to leave sin and choose Christ’s way. Family Conversations  – discuss with children and family members biblical principles on honor, purity, and holiness. 🙏 FINAL PRAYER Holy God, You called Israel to be a holy nation, and in Christ You have called us into the new covenant. Help us to hate evil and love what is good. Lead us in the path of holiness and give us the strength of Your Spirit to live in honor and goodness. Amen. 📚 NOTES AND REFERENCES L. Michael Morales , Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord?  – shows that the Holiness Code aims to bring people near to God through holy living and pure worship. Ellen G. White , Patriarchs and Prophets  – explains how these judgments protected the nation from corrupt worship and moral decay. John Walton , The Lost World of the Torah  – notes that the Torah was intended as covenant wisdom  for the community, not merely as modern-style legislation. Jacob Milgrom , Leviticus 17–22 (Anchor Yale Bible)  – details how harsh penalties were meant to safeguard the sanctuary, community, and land from defilement. Next Lesson: Leviticus 21 – Holiness of the Priests and the Service of the Altar Question:  Why did God set special requirements for priests regarding their life and service, and what does it teach us about the holiness of those who serve before Him today?